Adolescent Democracies

Countries rarely fit neatly into the categories of “democracy” or “autocracy.” Many operate in a turbulent middle with competitive elections alongside weak checks and balances, uneven rule of law, and fragile public trust. In Adolescent Democracies, Ioana-Maria Petrescu—former Finance Minister of Romania and an academic—offers a clear, field-tested guide to making policy in these in-between systems, where corruption, limited civic participation, and institutional weakness collide with urgent demands for better public services.

Drawing on government experience and social-science research, Petrescu maps how politicians, bureaucrats, voters, and stakeholders interact with formal rules, and the informal workarounds that often matter more in practice. She explains where reforms stall, how incentives and power shape outcomes, and why questions of social equity emerge at each stage: who benefits, who is excluded, and what it takes to make policy both effective and fair.

Organized in three parts—actors, institutions, and the policymaking process—the book is both a scholarly contribution and a practical manual for reformers working under real constraints. Case studies from Romania, Kenya, Georgia, Chile, South Korea, and beyond bridge theory and practice, translating lessons into actionable tools for designing policy, diagnosing institutional bottlenecks, and building coalitions for change. This book is essential reading for policymakers, students, international advisors, and anyone invested in strengthening governance in fragile democratic settings.